See rusen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ruse"
},
"expansion": "English: ruse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ruse"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "ruser"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman ruser",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruse",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, ruse + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman ruser, reuser; by surface analysis, ruse + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rusende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rusynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rusede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rusynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rusende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rusen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "rus"
},
"expansion": "rusen (third-person singular simple present ruseth, present participle rusende, rusynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle rused)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rus"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To repel; to force away in battle."
],
"id": "en-rusen-enm-verb-qR3BJNmP",
"links": [
[
"repel",
"repel"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"away",
"away"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To retreat; to pull away from battle."
],
"id": "en-rusen-enm-verb-RNL~k49q",
"links": [
[
"retreat",
"retreat"
],
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "enm:Hunting",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 36 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 8 73 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 16 54 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 8 74 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 83 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 47 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [
"Conflict",
"Military",
"Violence",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The master hunter, anon foothot [at once without stopping] / with his horne blew three mote [notes] / At the uncoupling of his hounds / within a while the hart found is / Hallooed, and rechased fast / Long time, and so at the last / This hart rused and stole away / From all the hounds a privy way",
"ref": "[c. 1368–1372 (date written), Geffray Chaucer [i.e., Geoffrey Chaucer], “The Dreame of Chaucer”, in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London: […] Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], published 1542, →OCLC, folio cclxviii, verso, column 2, lines 375–382:",
"text": "The mayſter hunte, anone fote hote / wyth his horne blewe thre mote / At the uncouplynge of hys houndes / wythin a whyle the herte founde is / Ihalowed, and rechaſed faſt / Longe tyme, and ſo at the laſt / Thys herte rouſed and ſtale awaye / Fro all the houndes a preuy waye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To turn to elude hunters or their hunting dogs."
],
"id": "en-rusen-enm-verb-CYWmtwKi",
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"turn",
"turn#Verb"
],
[
"elude",
"elude"
],
[
"hunter",
"hunter"
],
[
"hunting dog",
"hunting dog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting) To turn to elude hunters or their hunting dogs."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To drop; to fall down."
],
"id": "en-rusen-enm-verb-GakyBesq",
"links": [
[
"drop",
"drop"
],
[
"fall down",
"fall down"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To drop; to fall down."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈriu̯zən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rousen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruyse"
}
],
"word": "rusen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Late Middle English",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:War"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ruse"
},
"expansion": "English: ruse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ruse"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "ruser"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman ruser",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruse",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, ruse + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman ruser, reuser; by surface analysis, ruse + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rusende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rusynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rusede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rusynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rusende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rusen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "rus"
},
"expansion": "rusen (third-person singular simple present ruseth, present participle rusende, rusynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle rused)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rus"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To repel; to force away in battle."
],
"links": [
[
"repel",
"repel"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"away",
"away"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To retreat; to pull away from battle."
],
"links": [
[
"retreat",
"retreat"
],
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"enm:Hunting"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The master hunter, anon foothot [at once without stopping] / with his horne blew three mote [notes] / At the uncoupling of his hounds / within a while the hart found is / Hallooed, and rechased fast / Long time, and so at the last / This hart rused and stole away / From all the hounds a privy way",
"ref": "[c. 1368–1372 (date written), Geffray Chaucer [i.e., Geoffrey Chaucer], “The Dreame of Chaucer”, in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London: […] Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], published 1542, →OCLC, folio cclxviii, verso, column 2, lines 375–382:",
"text": "The mayſter hunte, anone fote hote / wyth his horne blewe thre mote / At the uncouplynge of hys houndes / wythin a whyle the herte founde is / Ihalowed, and rechaſed faſt / Longe tyme, and ſo at the laſt / Thys herte rouſed and ſtale awaye / Fro all the houndes a preuy waye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To turn to elude hunters or their hunting dogs."
],
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"turn",
"turn#Verb"
],
[
"elude",
"elude"
],
[
"hunter",
"hunter"
],
[
"hunting dog",
"hunting dog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting) To turn to elude hunters or their hunting dogs."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To drop; to fall down."
],
"links": [
[
"drop",
"drop"
],
[
"fall down",
"fall down"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To drop; to fall down."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈriu̯zən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rousen"
},
{
"word": "ruse"
},
{
"word": "ruyse"
}
],
"word": "rusen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rusen meaning in Middle English (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.